1. Assessment and Evaluation

1.1. Assessment

Assessment is a broader process of gathering information about students’ learning through various means (tests, observations, projects, portfolios, class participation, assignments, presentations, etc.). Assessment focuses on collecting evidence of learning (both quantitative and quantitative). For instance, a teacher assessing reading comprehension may give a reading test (quantitative) but also listen to students read aloud and check their book reviews (qualitative). This makes assessment more holistic.  Assessment is used to measure learning progress, provide feedback, and improve teaching and learning. It must be aligned with the instructional objectives or learning outcomes and teaching/learning activities.